【導(dǎo)語】報考2023云南專升本的考生們，英語考試很多同學(xué)們需要背誦的知識點，關(guān)于動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)為大家整理如下，請相關(guān)考生查看。

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　　2023云南專升本英語備考知識點—動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)

　　常考的動詞時態(tài)和用法：

　　(以do為例)

　　一般現(xiàn)在時do/does(is/am/are)

　　1. 一般現(xiàn)在時表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生、習(xí)慣性動作、客觀真理、科學(xué)事實、格言，目前的特征、狀態(tài)、能力等。

　　2. 主句是一般將來時，時間、條件狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來(主將從現(xiàn))。

　　If it rains tomorrow, I won’t go there.

　　注：能引導(dǎo)時間、條件狀語從句的連詞有when, if, after, before, as, as soon as, the minute, the next time, in case, till, until, unless, so long as等。

　　常見標(biāo)志詞：every …, sometimes, at …, on Sunday, always, usually, sometimes, seldom

　　一般過去時did(was/were)

　　表達(dá)特定的過去時間內(nèi)發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀況，或過去某一時間內(nèi)經(jīng)常發(fā)生或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作或行為。

　　I drank a glass of water two minutes ago

　　常見標(biāo)志詞：then, yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982

　　現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時is/am/are doing

　　1. 表示正在進(jìn)行的動作。

　　2. 表示按計劃安排即將發(fā)生的動作。

　　She is leaving for Beijing. / He is working as a teacher tomorrow.

　　常見標(biāo)志詞：(1)now, right now, at the moment等時間狀語;

　　(2)look, listen等詞常用于句子的開頭，表示提醒聽者注意正在發(fā)生的事情

　　過去進(jìn)行時was/were doing

　　1. 表示過去某一時刻或某一段時間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動作。(這一過去時間須用時間狀語表示)He was preparing his lecture all day yesterday.

　　2. 表示一過去的動作在另一過去動作發(fā)生時進(jìn)行。They were still working when I left.

　　3. 用在兩個過去進(jìn)行時動作同時發(fā)生。I was writing while he was watching TV.

　　4. 表示過去將來動作。He said she was arriving the next day

　　.常見標(biāo)志詞：this morning, the whole morning, all day, yesterday, from nine to ten last evening…, when, while, at that time

　　現(xiàn)在完成時has/have done

　　1. 表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響或結(jié)果，說話時已完成的動作。I have finished the report.She has cleaned the room.

　　2. 表示從過去開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)，往往和“for...”,“since...”表述的一段時間狀語連用。He has learned English for six years.They have worked here since they left college.

　　3. 表示“曾經(jīng)到過某地(人已回來)”用have/ has been to，表示“到某地去了(還未回來)”用have/ has gone to。

　　常見標(biāo)志詞：by+現(xiàn)在時間, for, since, already, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/ until, up to now, in (the) past years, always, recently

　　過去完成時had done

　　1. 表示在過去某一時間以前已經(jīng)完成的動作。He had shut the door before the dog came up.

　　2. 表示動作或狀態(tài)從過去某個時刻開始一直延續(xù)到另一個過去時刻才完成，甚至還要繼續(xù)下去。At the age of ten, he had learned 500 English words.

　　3. 常用hope, expect, think, intend, want, suppose等動詞的過去完成時來表示未實現(xiàn)的希望、打算或意圖。We had expected that you would be able to win the match.

　　常見標(biāo)志詞：by/by the time/by the end of+過去時間, up until then, up until last night, when/before/after+過去時間

　　現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時has/have been doing

　　用來表示從過去某一時刻開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在(還要繼續(xù)下去)的動作。

　　He has been doing the maths problems since 8:00.

　　常見標(biāo)志詞：for+時間段, since+時間段/點/從句, all the time, all one’s life, during the night

　　過去完成進(jìn)行時had been doing

　　表示動作或狀態(tài)從過去某個時刻開始一直延續(xù)到另一個過去時刻才完成，還將繼續(xù)下去。

　　She had been suffering from a bad cold before she took the exam.

　　常見標(biāo)志詞：up until then, up until last night, when/before/after+過去時間(參見過去完成時標(biāo)志詞)

　　一般將來時will/shall do;is/am/are going to do/ (about) to do一般將來時表示將來要發(fā)生的動作和存在的狀況。

　　I will call you when my mother comes back.It’s going to rain soon. / He is (about) to go abroad.

　　常見標(biāo)志詞：next…, tomorrow, in+時間, … later, in the long run, in the future

　　過去將來時would/should do;was/were going to do; was/were (about) to do

　　1. 相對于過去某一時刻而言即將發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。He told me he would go to Beijing.

　　2. would do(表示過去的習(xí)慣)總是，總會，常常。He would sit silent for hours.

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